Phenylephrine Hydrochloride is a potent vasoconstrictor commonly used in compounded formulations for its ability to constrict blood vessels and reduce swelling. This active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is frequently utilized in medical settings to manage conditions such as nasal congestion, hypotension, and to dilate the pupil during ophthalmic procedures. Its efficacy in these applications is attributed to its selective alpha-1 adrenergic receptor agonist activity, which leads to increased vascular resistance and elevated blood pressure.

In addition to its primary uses, Phenylephrine Hydrochloride is often included in formulations designed to provide symptomatic relief from cold and allergy symptoms. Its mechanism of action involves the stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors in the nasal mucosa, resulting in decreased edema and improved airflow. This makes it a valuable component in compounded medications aimed at alleviating discomfort associated with sinus congestion and pressure.

When considering the use of Phenylephrine Hydrochloride in compounded formulations, it is important for prescribers to be aware of its pharmacokinetic properties. The API is known for its rapid onset of action and relatively short duration, which necessitates careful dosing to maintain therapeutic efficacy while minimizing potential side effects. Common side effects may include increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and potential interactions with other sympathomimetic agents.

Prescribers should also consider patient-specific factors such as existing cardiovascular conditions, as these may influence the safety and effectiveness of Phenylephrine Hydrochloride. By understanding the pharmacological profile and clinical applications of this API, healthcare providers can make informed decisions when incorporating it into personalized treatment plans. This ensures optimal patient outcomes and enhances the therapeutic benefits of compounded formulations containing Phenylephrine Hydrochloride.