Anthralin, also known as dithranol, is a well-established active pharmaceutical ingredient primarily used in the treatment of psoriasis. It is a synthetic compound derived from chrysarobin, a natural substance found in the bark of the araroba tree. Anthralin works by slowing down the rapid growth of skin cells, which is a hallmark of psoriasis, thereby reducing the formation of scales and plaques.

Its mechanism of action involves the normalization of keratinocyte differentiation and the reduction of inflammation, making it effective in managing chronic plaque psoriasis. Anthralin is typically applied topically, and its efficacy is often enhanced when used in combination with other therapeutic agents. Despite its effectiveness, anthralin can cause skin irritation and temporary staining of the skin and clothing, which necessitates careful application and patient education.

In clinical practice, anthralin is often used in short-contact therapy, where it is applied to the affected areas for a brief period before being washed off. This approach minimizes irritation while maintaining therapeutic benefits. As a non-steroidal treatment option, anthralin is particularly valuable for patients who require long-term management of psoriasis without the side effects associated with corticosteroids.

Healthcare providers should consider patient-specific factors such as skin type, severity of psoriasis, and previous treatment responses when prescribing anthralin. Its use is generally reserved for patients with stable, chronic plaque psoriasis, and it is not typically recommended for acute or unstable forms of the disease. Regular monitoring and follow-up are essential to ensure optimal outcomes and to manage any potential adverse effects.